Bituminous
Bituminous coal is a dark, shiny, medium-rank coal, higher than lignite but lower than anthracite, known for its high carbon content (45-86%), high heating value, and layered, blocky appearance with alternating dull and bright bands. Formed from compacted plant matter, it's the most abundant coal type, widely used for electricity generation and steelmaking, but can cause air pollution due to sulfur content.
Characteristics:
Appearance: Dark brown to black, shiny, smooth, often with thin, alternating dull and bright layers (vitrain bands).
Rank: A middle rank coal, between subbituminous and anthracite.
Composition: High carbon content (around 45-86%), with volatile matter and lower moisture than lower-rank coals, making it efficient.
Formation: Formed from buried peat, undergoing heat and pressure (coalification).
Uses:
Electricity Generation: A primary fuel for power plants.
Industrial Fuel: Used in various industrial processes, including steelmaking (as coking coal).
Key Points:
"Soft Coal": Sometimes called "soft coal" due to its properties, though it's harder than lignite.
Pollution: Burning it can release sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, contributing to acid rain.
Characteristics:
Appearance: Dark brown to black, shiny, smooth, often with thin, alternating dull and bright layers (vitrain bands).
Rank: A middle rank coal, between subbituminous and anthracite.
Composition: High carbon content (around 45-86%), with volatile matter and lower moisture than lower-rank coals, making it efficient.
Formation: Formed from buried peat, undergoing heat and pressure (coalification).
Uses:
Electricity Generation: A primary fuel for power plants.
Industrial Fuel: Used in various industrial processes, including steelmaking (as coking coal).
Key Points:
"Soft Coal": Sometimes called "soft coal" due to its properties, though it's harder than lignite.
Pollution: Burning it can release sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, contributing to acid rain.
